The theoretical foundation of the study is the ripeness theory as proposed by william zartman in his study of conflict resolution in studies starting from the 1980s. South sudans civil war and conflict dynamics in the red sea. A human rights report united nations mission in south sudan. The role of united nations peacekeeping operations in addressing local conflicts resources is at the root cause of local conflict. The south sudanese civil war is an ongoing conflict in south sudan between forces of the government and opposition forces.
Life is characterised in the postcpa southern sudan by uneasy relationships between armed groups, idps, returnees and host communities. Global south development magazines global development reporter mr. It analyses how local, national and international dynamics around independence in july 2011 and the end of the sixandahalfyear formal comprehensive. Conflict resurgence and the agreement on the resolution of. Igadplus is the proposed bridge between an african solution approach and concerted highlevel, wider international engagement. The sudanese conflict in south kordofan and blue nile, also referred to by some media as the third sudanese civil war, is an ongoing armed conflict in the sudanese southern states of south kordofan and blue nile between the sudanese army saf and sudan peoples liberation movementnorth splmn, a northern affiliate of the sudan peoples liberation movement splm in south sudan. Internal conflict that occurred in south sudan has attracted international attention. Pdf despite secession from northern sudan and became an independent country since then, south sudan is now experiencing turmoil with. The negroid africans of the south were culturally and racially distinct from the northern arab sudanese 2 the three southern provinces bahrelghazal, upper. The research design to be employed by this study will be mixed method research methodology which is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research tools to collect data necessary for this study. The south sudan center for conflict resolution ssccr is an indigenous organisation which started in 2008 as an initiative to engage young people with ideas of peace, development and human rights for communities from the southern sudan region. The case of south sudans agreement on the resolution of the. This flawed analytical emphasis on identity as a driver of conflict leads to incorrect diagnosis, and. Years of international efforts to bring an end to decades of conflict by helping to negotiate the comprehensive peace agreement of 2005 and later efforts to ensure a smooth.
South sudan conflict analysis brief south sudan, the worlds youngest nation, continues to struggle despite the august 2015 signature of a peace agreement. Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan. Profoundly regretting the suffering and distress caused to the people of south sudan by the conflict ongoing in south sudan since 15 december 20 and apologising unconditionally to. Department of state, update on efforts to implement the 2015 agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south. On 22 february, the transitional government of national unity was established in south sudan, marking the start of a 36month transitional period ahead of the holding of elections, in accordance with the terms of the revitalized agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south sudan rarcss signed on 12 september 2018. Conflicts, conflict resolution practices and impacts of the war in.
This was the report of the commission on human rights in south sudan. Role of igad in resolving the conflict in south sudan. Jun 07, 2017 books these are the assemblages of books written by south sudanese or foreigners about either the conflict and wars of sudan when it was still one country or about south sudan as an independent state or as a region before independence on july 9th, 2011. Igad center for pastoral areas and livestock development. According to reuters, before the conflict began in december, south sudan was providing five percent of chinas oil imports. The revitalized agreement on the resolution of conflict in south sudan is a typical powersharing settlement, rooted in both democratic and conflict management theories. Since the eruption of the armed conflict in the south sudan, the. South sudan since 15 december 20, which has had such disastrous economic, political and social consequences for the people of south sudan. The breakthrough in the north south peace process has come at a time of escalating fighting in the farflung region of darfur. The sources of conflict between the north and the south in sudan. However, the government did not address impunity for widespread conflict related sexual and genderbased violence against south sudanese.
The case of south sudans agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south sudan ii. In december 20, president kiir accused his former deputy riek machar and ten others of attempting a coup detat. Republic of sudan and the new republic of south sudan or north and south sudan, for claritythe two countries were again in a state of war. Years of international efforts to bring an end to decades of conflict by helping to negotiate the comprehensive peace agreement cpa of 2005 and the later.
As its implementation faltered, violence between factions broke out again in july 2016, setting back the peace process once again. The roots of the current situations date back to 1983, when civil war resumed in sudan, led a southern militia, the sudanese peoples liberation army spla, the military arm of the sudanese peoples liberation movement. Since its independence in 2011, south sudan is battling a new civil war. Systemic conflict transformation a northern and a southern view. It was signed in addis ababa on the 12th of september 2018 with the aim to end the fiveyear civil conflict in south sudan. The south sudanese civil war was a conflict in south sudan between forces of the government and opposition forces. South sudan did not make progress on establishing the.
The conflict began in 2003 when rebels launched an insurrection to protest what they contended was the sudanese governments disregard for the western region and its nonarab population. In september 2019, kiir and machar agreed to establish a powersharing government after struggles on forming a unity transitional government. Armed conflict introduction conflict is a mechanism through which goals and aspirations of individuals and groups are articulated, creative solutions to human problems are sought and collective identities are to be developed 1. Conflict resolution in the sudan michigan state university. Conflict analysis and options for systemic conflict. With the south sudanese conflict in its fifth year in 2018, this paper seeks to not only examine the status of the civil war that has engulfed the youngest nation on earth but to also discuss the evolving narratives of its causes and provide policy. Peace and conflict assessment of south sudan 2012 5 executive summary this report is an assessment of peace, conflict and peacebuilding in south sudan, conducted between june 2011 and march 2012. Books these are the assemblages of books written by south sudanese or foreigners about either the conflict and wars of sudan when it was still one country or about south sudan as an independent state or as a region before independence on july 9th, 2011. Machar denied trying to start a coup and fled to lead the splm in opposition splmio.
Pdf conflict resolution in south sudan researchgate. In response, the government equipped and supported arab militiaswhich came. The role of united nations peacekeeping operations in addressing local conflicts. Fighting broke out between the sudan peoples liberation movement splm. Revitalized agreement on the resolution of the conflict in the republic of south sudan rarcss 12 september 2018 this document has been produced for informational purposes. Systemic conflict transformation and inclusive governance. After having claimed some two million lives, sudans twentyyear civil war appeared close to an end. Conflict between 19551976 and 19832005 between the colonially modernised arab north and the underdeveloped christian and animist south brought widespread civilian suffering. Some of conflicts are specific to cattle owning communities while others crosscut the rest of. Oct 19, 2016 republic of south sudan 2015 statement of h. An analysis of mediation as a tool in conflict resolution. South sudan centre for conflict resolution ssccr peace.
In south sudan conflict, china tests its mediation skills. Agreement on the resolution of the conflict in the republic of south sudan. Armed conflict introduction conflict is a mechanism through which goals and aspirations of individuals and groups are articulated, creative solutions to human problems. Finding peaceful resolution to the conflict in south sudan. In the same way that conflict drove the food insecurity situation in the country, the signing of the revitalized agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south sudan in september 2018 resulted in relative calm that has enabled households to engage in livelihood activities. The report builds upon the unmiss interim report on human rights, released on 21 february.
United nations mission in the republic of south sudan unmiss since the outbreak of the conflict on 15 december. The peace process that had stopped the slaughter in the democratic republic of congo where more than 3 million congolese had died during some 4 years of war, starvation and. Sudan and south sudans merging conflicts crisis group. A separate conflict that remained unresolved centred on the darfur region in western sudan. It is intended to summarize the key provisions of the rarcss 2018 for. Conflict profile since its independence in 1956, sudan has seen an intermittent civil war. It is intended to summarize the key provisions of the rarcss 2018 for easy reading and understanding only. The third part analyses the south sudanese civil war and is concerned with the role of african union in the conflict resolution process in current. With the south sudanese conflict in its fifth year in 2018, this paper seeks to not only. The case of south sudans agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south sudan. Igad signed revitalized agreement on the resolution of the. Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan council.
President salva kiir mayardit to the nation on the agreement of the resolution of the conflict in the republic of south sudan. The signed copy of the revitalized agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south sudan rarciss, 12 september 2018 pdf cepo fact sheet on the final proposal on outstanding issues on governance. The role of united nations peacekeeping operations in. Now, oil production in the country has been slashed by onethird. In 2015 the agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south sudan arcss was signed. The peace process that had stopped the slaughter in the democratic republic of congo where more than 3 million congolese had died during some 4 years of war, starvation and disease appeared to be largely on track. Igad center of excellence in preventing and countering violent extremism. Igad signed revitalized agreement on the resolution of. The role of youth in peace and conflict resolution in south sudan. South sudans civil war is the result of a weakly institutionalized state and may require the african unions intervention to find peace and. Due to unsuccessful implementation the agreement was revitalized in 2018. Systemic conflict transformation and inclusive governance in. The sudanese conflict in south kordofan and blue nile, also referred to by some media as the third sudanese civil war, is an ongoing armed conflict in the sudanese southern states of south kordofan and blue nile between the sudanese army saf and sudan peoples liberation movementnorth splmn, a northern affiliate of the sudan peoples. Sfcg has been in south sudan since 2014 with the overall objective to promote social cohesion, resilience and the peaceful resolution of conflicts among individuals and communities in south sudan.
The research on the patterns of conflict resolutions and intergroup relations in the republic of south sudan studied the causes and nature of intergroup conflictsrelations, looking at the inevitability wherever groups share a geographical space or. An analysis of mediation as a tool in conflict resolution in. This was a report of the commission on human rights in south sudan. Finding peaceful resolution to the conflict in south sudan 2 completely. Agreement on the resolution of the conflict in the republic of south sudan arcss, including estranged groups to discuss concrete measures, to restore permanent ceasefire, full implementation of the arcss, and to develop revised realistic timelines and implementation schedule towards democratic elections at the end of the transitional period. The literature on conflict in south sudan published before independence tends to focus on the causes and dynamics of the second civil war 19832005 and post2005 local level conflicts, such as those between communities along the contested border between sudan and south sudan or intra. Signed revitalized agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south sudan. Conflict in south sudan and the challenges ahead congressional research service summary south sudan, which separated from sudan in 2011 after almost 40 years of civil war, was drawn into a devastating new conflict in late 20, when a political dispute that overlapped with preexisting ethnic and political fault lines turned violent.
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